Common Pregnancy Complications and How an Obstetrician Can Help

Pregnancy is an exciting journey, but it also comes with potential challenges. While most pregnancies progress smoothly, complications requiring expert medical attention can arise. An obstetrician plays a crucial role in monitoring and managing any complications to ensure the health of both mother and baby. Understanding common pregnancy complications and how an obstetrician can help can provide reassurance and guidance during this special time.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes occurs when blood sugar levels become elevated during pregnancy. This condition can increase the risk of complications for both mother and baby if left untreated. An obstetrician closely monitors blood sugar levels, recommends dietary adjustments, and may suggest medication if necessary. With proper management, most women with gestational diabetes go on to have healthy pregnancies and deliveries.

Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a condition characterised by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage, often affecting the liver and kidneys. This complication can develop after 20 weeks of pregnancy and may lead to serious health issues if not appropriately managed. An obstetrician monitors blood pressure, conducts regular screenings, and may recommend lifestyle changes or medication to keep the condition under control. Early delivery might be necessary in severe cases to protect the mother and baby.

Preterm Labour

Preterm labour occurs when a woman goes into labour before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Babies born prematurely may face health challenges such as underdeveloped lungs and low birth weight. An obstetrician carefully assesses risk factors, prescribes medications to delay labour if possible, and provides treatments to enhance the baby’s lung development. Regular check-ups help identify early warning signs and take preventive measures.

Placenta Previa

Placenta previa occurs when the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix, which can lead to bleeding during pregnancy and delivery complications. This condition is often detected through routine ultrasounds. An obstetrician provides guidance on activity restrictions, monitors the placenta’s position, and, in some cases, schedules a caesarean section if a vaginal delivery is unsafe.

Ectopic Pregnancy

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilised egg implants outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tube. This condition is life-threatening if not treated promptly. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, dizziness, and bleeding. An obstetrician diagnoses ectopic pregnancies through ultrasounds and blood tests and provides immediate medical intervention to prevent complications.

Foetal Growth Restriction (FGR)

Foetal Growth Restriction (FGR) occurs when a baby does not grow at the expected rate in the womb. Various factors, including placental issues, maternal health conditions, or lifestyle factors, can cause this. An obstetrician closely monitors the baby’s growth through ultrasounds, provides nutritional guidance, and may recommend early delivery if necessary to ensure the baby’s well-being.

Final Thought

Pregnancy complications can be concerning, but with proper medical care and monitoring, many issues can be effectively managed. An obstetrician is vital in identifying, treating, and preventing complications to ensure a healthy pregnancy and safe delivery. Regular check-ups, open communication, and following medical advice can help expectant mothers navigate their pregnancy with confidence and peace of mind.